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Tekmos' Blog

Tekmos' Blog

International Conference on High Temperature Electronics (HiTEC 2016)

On the second week of May, Lynn Reed and Bob Abrams went to the HiTEC Conference in Albuquerque, New Mexico. HiTec is dedicated to high temperature electronics. While there are many applications that require electronics to work at high temperatures, the largest commercial usage has been in the oil industry. Oil exploration is a very expensive endeavor. Being able to put electronics deep underground is necessary in order to determine what is going on a couple miles down where it is quite hot, perhaps 200ºC to 300ºC. The lifetime of electronics can be quite short under these harsh conditions. Tekmos has introduced several state of the art products that are rated at 250ºC with proven operation to over 300ºC (570ºF).

There are applications that also require high temperatures, such as geothermal. Generally, designers make trade-offs between the highest operating temperature and cost. Silicon based parts seem to offer the best trade-off for oil exploration applications. The Tekmos approach can offer the best trade-off because it is silicon based and at the high end of temperatures which can be achieved with silicon.

Unfortunately, oil exploration is in quite a slump because of the lower price of oil. The attendance at the conference was down significantly from prior years due to current economic conditions. The conference was still successful because it is the quality of the contacts made that is important, not the quantity.

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Tekmos is Conference Bound

Tekmos once again is a corporate sponsor and exhibiting at the International Conference on High Temperature Electronics, May 10-12 in Albuquerque, New Mexico and will be exhibiting at the IoT Developers Conference in Santa Clara, California May 25-26.

HiTEC is a forum for presenting leading high temperature electronics research results and application requirements and the Iot Devcon is a conference and trade show specifically for the IoT product developer.

Tekmos has presented a paper, and maintained a display table at the July 6-8 2015, International Conference and Exhibition on High Temperature Electronics Network at Churchill College in Cambridge, England, at HiTEC 2014 in Albuquerque, and attended earlier conferences. This annual conference, alternates venues between the U.S. and England, is dedicated to high temperature electronics, ranging from the relatively cool 175ºC up to the 1200ºC range for Silicon Carbide. It also covers high temperature materials and passive components. 

Attending the presentations does a lot more than just give Tekmos an opportunity to present our research. Listening to the presentation of other papers has led to some consideration of additional techniques that Tekmos may pursue. It is important to know what others are doing. The question and answer period following each presentation gives more insight and understanding than can be obtained from reading the paper alone. 

One advantage of exhibiting at a conference is that it provides feedback about what customers really want to see in products.  It also shows what the competition is doing.  Together, that provides invaluable marketing guidance for our own efforts. 

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IMAPS – High Temperature Electronics Conference 2015

Tekmos was a sponsor, presented a paper, and maintained a display table at the July 6-8 2015, International Conference and Exhibition on High Temperature Electronics Network at Churchill College in Cambridge, England. This annual conference, which alternates venues between the U.S. and England, is dedicated to high temperature electronics, ranging from the relatively cool 175ºC up to the 1200ºC range for Silicon Carbide. It also covers high temperature materials and passive components.

Analog circuits are often required to interface between the sensing of real world parameters, such as temperature and pressure, and the digital electronics that process and transmit the information. As temperatures are raised, the performance of this circuitry deteriorates. Standard processed parts are almost unusable above about 200ºC but the use of SOI (Silicon On Insulator) processing pushes the usable temperature much higher. The Tekmos paper this year was “The Design and Characterization of an 8-bit ADC for 250ºC Operation”. Lynn Reed presented the paper written by Lynn and Vema Reddy. The paper describes how the design of an existing 8-bit ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) was optimized for the SOI process. It also presents the characterization of the ADC at various temperatures up to and above 250ºC and shows the effects of increased leakage on the ADC parameters of linearity, accuracy, and conversion speed. The paper shows that these critical parameters may be within a usable range, at least for an 8-bit ADC, to temperatures above those previously thought. The ideas and data presented in this paper point to additional studies and approaches that might be pursued. See the photo of Lynn being presented a plaque to commemorate his presentation. The paper is available Here.

Attending the presentations does a lot more than just give Tekmos an opportunity to present our research. Listening to the presentation of other papers has led to some consideration of additional techniques that Tekmos may pursue. It is important to know what others are doing. The question and answer period following each presentation gives more insight and understanding than can be obtained from reading the paper alone.

Tekmos also had a display table at the conference. While there were several such displays, ours stood out for a couple of reasons. First, because we were a sponsor, our booth was in a prominent place. Attendees had to walk past our display on the way to the dining area. Second, the table had a 48 inch monitor displaying many of the high temperature parts and capabilities of Tekmos. The central figure on the display features a silicon chip in an open ceramic package sitting in the middle of a flickering fire. The picture shows no damage to the part as it sits on burning logs. Around the part and fire, various Tekmos high temperature parts and depiction of potential uses were flashed. We were able to engage a number of attendees in useful conversation and believe this has allowed us to make inroads toward new business. See the photo of Richard, Lynn, Vema, and Bob.

Attendance at the conference was lower than the prior year when it was held in Albuquerque, New Mexico. A couple of factors probably led to this. For many potential U.S. attendees, the extra cost of travel to England was too expensive. Perhaps more importantly, there has been a downturn in the oil industry. While the high temperature electronics industry goes well beyond the oil industry, this industry has been the major source of revenue for pursuing getting electronic components to work above 125ºC.

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HiTec Conference

Last month, Tekmos presented a paper at the HiTec conference. HiTec is dedicated to high temperature electronics, ranging from the relatively cool 175C up to the 1200C range for Silicon Carbide.  It also covers high temperature materials and passive components.

The Tekmos paper investigated the use of refresh cycles to assist with data retention in EEPROMS.  We are developing a new 256K, high temperature, and high reliability EEPROM.  At elevated temperatures, the charge stored in the memory leaks away, and must be replenished.  While an EEPROM at 85C can be expected to hold the data for 10 years, at higher temperatures (~200C), the data retention time is measured in days.  Restoring the data is made more complicated since the number of times that an Erase-Write cycle can be used also decreases with temperature.  The 100,000 cycles guaranteed at lower temperatures becomes 100s of cycles at high temperature.

We get around this by using a refresh cycle.  A refresh cycle does not do an erase prior to the write, and so can only be used to re-write the same data.  We were concerned that repeated refresh cycles could also cause damage, but our experiments showed that a refresh cycle is safe.

To prove this, we set up a system using our TK68HC11E1 devices, which contain 512 bytes of EEPROM.  This is the same basic EEPROM cell that we will use in our 256K EEPROM.  We attached 77 of the microcontrollers to a board, and configured them so that we could communicate with a specific microcontroller.  Then we downloaded programs into the microcontrollers, and ran experiments.  The experiments included such things as determining the number of Erase-Write cycles it took to burn out an oxide, or just giving the part a fixed number of refresh cycles.  This made it easy to collect a large amount of high quality data that was the basis of our paper.

For the first time, Tekmos had an exhibit at HiTec.  We showed our TK68HC811E2 high temperature microcontroller, and our 250C ASICs.  We also provided a preview of our 256K EEPROM, our 250C TK80H51 microcontroller, and the TKH4003 FPGA.  These last three products are under development, and we will be introducing them over the next year.

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High Temperature Testing

We recently had a requirement to test some parts at 150C.  In order to do that, we use a temperature forcing probe.  This is a washing machine size box with an arm that holds a test chamber.  The machine can force hot and cold air into the test chamber, and allow us to raise the temperature to any desired value.  It is not fast, and can take a minute to reach the final temperature, but it works.

One problem is that the bottom of the temperature chamber is open, and so if we don’t do anything, we will also raise our tester to 150C.  Testers are finicky, and would prefer to be at 25C.  In order to prevent problems, we need a thermal insulator to put around the part.  They sell a rubber sheet that is pretty good, but rather expensive.  And we needed a solution that day.  So we went over to Bed, Bath and Beyond, and bought silicon cooking mats.  These were trimmed to the desired size, and augmented with a lower layer of insulator, and this worked fine.

We have a future requirement for testing parts at 175C.  In this case, we are beginning to exceed the temperature range of our probe, and so we will build an extension cable, and test parts directly in one of our ovens.  The silicon mats won’t be good for us, but the Bed Bath and Beyond oven mitts will definitely be useful.

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